Farmers tend to be naturally careful, which means the green mantra ‘Reduce, Reuse, Recycle’ is not new on the farm. In fact farmers have an extra phrase ‘collect and keep any junk just in case.’
The other year saw the amazing Agricultural waste registration documents (printed on recycled paper of course) arrive. I make no apologies to including the following extract, which explains what each farmer needs to understand to apply for their waste exemptions
Usually any waste treatment, recovery or disposal activity needs to have a waste
management licence. In some cases, lower risk, small scale and less polluting activities may
be exempt from licensing. These activities are known as exemptions. Under the new rules
agricultural waste now has to be dealt with in the same way as waste from other businesses.
Most farmers will need to register one or more exempt activities. If there is no relevant
exemption to cover your waste activity you may have to apply for a Waste Management
Licence or change the way you operate.
There are more than 50 different exemptions. Some of these relate to specific
industries/businesses, and others can apply to all industries/businesses. Some apply to
farming and agriculture, those listed below are the most common, however you may need
others.
Exemption 40 - Storing non-liquid waste not at the place of production.
Exemption 41 - Storing waste at the place of production.
Exemption 15 - Beneficial use of waste.
Exemption 21 - Chipping, shredding, cutting or pulverising waste plant matter.
Exemption 54 - Spreading of agricultural ditch dredgings.
Exemption 27 - Baling, compacting, shredding, pulverising waste at the place of production.
Exemption 30 - Burning waste plant tissue in the open.
Exemption 47 - Spreading diluted milk on land for agricultural benefit.
Exemption 48 - Deposit of plant tissue at the place of production.
These exemptions are further complicated in the explanations to what they mean, for example the simple question, what can I do with my hedge trimmings? Gives the following answer:
‘Hedge trimmings are not a waste if they are left where they fall becoming mulch around the
base of the hedge they originated from and they do not cause pollution. The trimmings can
be disposed of or recovered elsewhere, either on your farm or off-site, but you may need to
register an exemption. They can be spread as plant material onto your own land (Exemption
7A), they can be composted (Exemption 12), burned (Exemptions 5, 29, or 30), chipped or
shredded prior to recovery or reuse (Exemption 21) or sent for disposal or recovery at a
licensed or exempt site elsewhere. Similar rules apply to grass cuttings.’
It is hard to believe that some one has spent time and money creating these rules, let alone expecting anyone to apply them. As you’ve guessed it’s not just filling forms but the agricultural industry has had to bear significant extra costs. The need to recycle all waste plastic and cardboard will be a good thing in the long term, but the financial burden is an extra cost the industry has had to take on board with a small farm using around 200 bales of silage having a black plastic recycling cost of around £150. The practical problems of sorting plastic, keeping it dry and getting it collected by a registered waste collector are a real headache. Currently most of the plastic seems to be going to china, in empty ships going to collect cheap toys and goods, where it is processed and sent back as bin bags. Maybe with predicted oil shortage plastic will become a valuable commodity for the farm to collect?
25 years ago many farmers viewed farmyard manure as a waste product, now the N, P and K values (the fertility) are carefully analyzed when applying to reduce the cost of bagged fertilizer. On organic farms careful manure management is critical in the planning of production. At risk of the wrath of Crockernwell, the use of manure and sewage sludge may not be pleasant but we all produce waste and is not better that it is used productively and reduce the need for artificially produced fertilizers.